- Bleeding from inside the nose is called epistaxis.
- Local causes of epistaxis includes injuries, infection, foreign bodies, tumor, atomospheric changes and it can also be due to general causes like raised blood pressure, fever like dengue, and blood
- disorder like aplastic anaemia, leukemia and liver diseases.
- It is most commonly idiopathic.
- It can be anterior or posterior. Sites of epistaxis includes Little’s area, middle turbinate, posterior part of nose and nasopharynx.
- It can be controlled with help of pinching nose & cold compresses. If it is not controlled, then anterior or posterior nasal packing is to be considered. Cauterization can also be done.
- Sometimes it may require ligation of external carotid, maxillary artery, and ethmoid arteries.
- It can also be due to nasal masses like juvenile angiofibroma or haemangioma which can be treated by surgical excision with prior embolisation.
